露天矿开采扰动效应:概念、特征与评价指标体系框架!

针对露天开采过程中必然伴随产生一系列环境与生态问题的特点,提出了露天矿开采扰动效应量化及评价的理念,全面阐述了露天矿开采扰动指数的内涵及其基本特征。露天矿开采扰动指数是综合考虑生态破坏及修复、开采技术及工艺优化、耗能结构优化、采复一体化、污染物排放及治理、生产组织管理等方面的因素,应用多学科理论解决资源赋存条件、开采技术条件、地域、煤种、污染物种类等的差异性问题,最终以-100~+100之间的数值评价或预测露天矿开采扰动效应的时空变化情况的综合性指标。研究了构建评价指标体系的基本原则并提出了指标体系的基本框架,共包括2大类23个评价指标,提出了露天矿开采扰动指数的综合合成方法。

Disturbance effect of open-pit mine:concept,characteristics and evaluation index system framework

Aiming at the characteristics that series of environmental and ecological problems must be accompanied during opencast mining operations,the authors propose the concept of surface mining disturbance effect quantification and evaluation.This paper expounds the connotation and characteristics of Surface Mining Disturbance Index (SMDI).The SMDI is a comprehensive index which considers ecological damage and repair,mining technology and process optimization,energy consumption structure optimization,pollutant emission and treatment,production management and other aspects of the problem,uses multi-disciplinary theory to solve the difference between resource conditions,mining conditions,regional,coal and pollutant types etc.Ultimately,the system uses the numerical number between -100 to +100 to make an evaluation or prediction of SMDI temporal and spatial variation.This paper studies the basic principles of constructing the evaluation index system,and puts forward the basic framework of the index system,which includes 2 categories of all the 23 evaluation indexes,and points out the synthetic method of the SMDI.