深井综采(放)工作面异常来压控制研究

 通过事故调研、理论分析和现场实测，研究深井综采(放)工作面异常来压的发生机制、控制技术及其危险性的分区分级评价方法。得到的主要结论为：(1) 工作面异常来压诱发因素主要有顶板来压、顶板水、控顶距增大、初撑力低、采高变化、断层、推进速度以及这些因素的叠加；(2) 异常来压的发生机制是上述影响因素引起顶板结构与支架作用关系失衡后，导致顶板异常活动和支架异常受力；(3) 异常来压的控制方法为开采前进行评价，预处理危险区，开采过程中实施矿压监测，采用工作面调斜、适当降低采高、提高初撑力、提前疏放水或加固顶板、预裂顶板、加快推进速度、优化支架阻力等措施，降低危险性。研究结果在赵楼煤矿1306工作面进行应用，取得良好效果，可有效避免压架事故。

CONTROL OF ABNORMAL WEIGHTING IN FULLY MECHANIZED/ CAVING FACE OF DEEP SHAFT

By accident investigation，theoretical analysis and field measurement，this paper studies the occurrence mechanism，control methods，the risk?s regionalization and grading evaluation method of abnormal weighting in fully mechanized/caving face of deep shaft. Following results are obtained：(1) The main affecting factors of abnormal weighting in working face are roof weighting，roof water，roof control distance increasing，low setting load，mining height change，fault，advance speed and the superposition of these factors. (2) The occurrence mechanism of abnormal weighting was the imbalanced relationship between roof structure and support，which caused by these factors and result in roof abnormal activities and support subjected to abnormal forces. (3) The control methods of abnormal weighting are evaluated before mining，pretreatment risk area，implement mine pressure observation in the process of mining，reducing the risk by using roll steering working face，reduce mining height properly，improving setting load，draining water or strengthening the roof in advance，pre-splitting roof，accelerating advance speed and optimizing support resistance，ect. The research results have been applied to Zhaolou coal mine coal face 1306 with a good result，so as to avoid the support crushing accident effectively.