深部岩体热力学效应及温控对策

随着开采深度的加大地温越来越高，高地温引起的深部岩体热力学效应引发许多深部矿山开采的次生灾害，有必要研究高温矿井相关的岩石力学问题。首先提出我国深部矿井地温场的3种模式即线性模式、非线性模式和异常模式；然后通过室内试验，研究温度对深部岩石强度和吸附气体逸出的影响，试验结果表明，随着温度的升高，煤岩强度和弹性模量显著降低，同时吸附瓦斯变为游离瓦斯而逸出，这是引起煤矿塌方和瓦斯灾害的重要内在原因；同时，在概述国内外温控技术基础上，提出以矿井涌水为冷源的HEMS降温原理及技术，形成3种典型温控模式及其设备系统。现场降温试验系统运行后效果良好，工作面温度控制在29 ℃以内，工作面温度降低5 ℃～12 ℃，相对湿度降低5%～15%；针对目前国内外矿井降温系统尚无有效性评价问题，提出矿井降温系统有效性评价的参数体系及方法。

DEEP ROCK MASS THERMODYNAMIC EFFECT AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL MEASURES

As the larger of the mining depth is，the higher ground temperature follows；the higher ground temperature follows，many secondary disasters of deep mining are induced by the thermodynamic effect of deep rock；so it is necessary to study the rock mechanics-related problems in deep mine of high ground temperature. This paper firstly summarizes three different modes of the deep mine geothermal field，the linear mode，the nonlinear mode and the abnormal mode，and then researches on the deep rock strength and adsorption effect impacted by temperature using laboratory experiments. The experimental results show that，as the temperature increases，the strength and elastic modulus of rock significantly reduces，and the adsorbed gas becomes free gas overflow，which are closely related to the disasters of collapse and methane gas burst in coal mine. Based on summarizing the temperature control technologies at home and abroad，the HEMS cooling technology is proposed using underground water in mine as cold source；three typical modes of cooling measures are put forward which have been verified through in-site testing. When the system is running，temperature of cooling face is lower than 29 ℃，face temperature decreases 5 ℃–12 ℃，relative humidity decreases 5%–15%. Finally，an effective method for evaluating effectiveness of mine cooling system is proposed.