黄铁矿低温浮选试验及机理分析

我国高寒地区硫化矿资源丰富，由于冬季和夏季矿浆温差大，技术经济指标出现明显的季节性波动，甚至导致冬季停产。基于此，论文以黄铁矿为研究对象，通过单矿物浮选试验研究不同低温条件（0~23℃）下黄铁矿的浮选行为，并检测了Zeta电位、黄药的吸附量及溶液的表面张力。结果表明：黄铁矿回收率随着捕收剂和起泡剂用量的增加而增大；同等药剂用量下，随着温度的降低，黄铁矿回收率大幅下降；同步添加捕收剂和起泡剂，可以显著提升黄铁矿回收率；在强酸性条件下，黄铁矿可浮性最好，温度影响较小，随着pH值增大，黄铁矿回收率下降，低温具有明显的协同抑制作用；温度降低，黄铁矿的Zeta电位增大，零电点向右偏移；丁黄药在黄铁矿表面的吸附量下降，溶液的表面张力增大，不利于黄铁矿浮选。提高矿浆溶液酸度，或者增加捕收剂和起泡剂用量可有效改善温度对浮选的影响。

Study and Mechanism Analysis on the Flotation of Pyrite in Low Temperature

Sulfide ore resources are abundant in alpine regions of China. Due to the large different temperature of pulp between winter and summer, the technical and economic indicators show obvious seasonal fluctuations, and even lead to serious shutdown in winter. Based on it, the pyrite is selected as the research object. The flotation behavior of pyrite at different temperatures was studied by single mineral flotation tests, and Zeta potential and surface tension of solution were detected in this paper. The results indicate that the recovery of pyrite increases with the increases of collector and frother. At the same dosage of agentia, the recovery decreases with the decrease of temperature. Simultaneous addition of collector and frother can significantly improve the recovery of pyrite. Pyrite has the best floatability under strong acidic conditions, with little influence of temperature. The flotation recovery decreases with the increase of pH value and low temperature has obvious synergistic inhibitory effect of flotation recovery. The Zeta potential of pyrite increases and the zero electric point shifts to the right with the decrease of temperature, while the adsorption of butyl xanthate on the surface of pyrite decreased, and the surface tension of the solution increased. All of which are not conducive to the flotation of pyrite. The effect of temperature on flotation can be effectively improved by increasing the acidity of pulp solution, or by increasing the addition of collector and frother.