安全关键系统高可信保障技术的研究

1 引言安全关键系统SCS(Safety Critical Systems)是指系统功能一旦失效将引起生命、财产的重大损失以及环境可能遭到严重破坏的系统。这类系统广泛存在于航空航天、国防、交通运输、核电能源和医疗卫生等诸多安全关键领域中。而高可信(Ultradependability)则是指系统在任务开始时可用性给定的情况下,在规定的时间和环境内能够使用且能完成规定功能的能力,即系统“动则成功”的能力。随着现代社会的高速发展及不稳定因素的存在,安全关键系统日益庞大和复杂,带来了系统可靠性和安全性的下降、投资增加、研发周期加长、风险增加。安全关键系统的应用环境也更加复杂和恶劣,从陆地、海洋到天空、太空,安全关键系统的使用环境不断地扩展和更加严酷。严酷的环境对系统高可靠、高安全性等综合特性的实现提出了严峻的挑战。除此,系统要求的持续无故障任务

Research on Ultradependability Safeguard Technology for Safety Critical Systems

In order to improve dependability of safety critical systems, whose safeguard technologies are researched in this paper. Firstly, origins and meanings of dependability are expatiated, afterwards, respective meaning of and relations among fault,error,failure are analyzed. In succession, how to apply with fault prevention,fault tolerance,fault removal,fault forecasting to enhance dependability of safety critical systems are expounded concisely by diagrams. Because error detecting is very important in fault tolerant systems, an error detecting technology based on safety kernel is proposed in this paper. Future trends of research in safety critical field are listed at the end.