聚乳酸纤维的合成加工与应用

阐述了聚乳酸的合成方法、聚乳酸纤维的纺丝成型方法、聚乳酸纤维的结构性能及主要应用范围.合成高分子量聚乳酸的主要方法有开环聚合、扩链聚合、溶液聚合及熔融固相聚合等.采用适当高分子量的聚乳酸树脂经干法纺丝或熔融纺丝可以制备聚乳酸纤维,聚乳酸具有高结晶和取向性,除具有特有的生物降解性外,聚乳酸纤维在强度、模量、断裂伸长率等方面可以与聚酯、尼龙等合成纤维相媲美.聚乳酸纤维广泛应用于纺织、卫生医疗、建筑、农林等行业.

The Synthesis and Spinning of Poly(lactic acid) Fibers and Their Applications

This paper mainly concentrates on the synthesis and spinning methods, the structure and properties, and applications of P(lactic acid) fibers. Some novel methods, such as ring-opening polymerization, chain extension, solution polymerization and melt/solid polycondensation, are introduced. Adequate high average molecular weight P(lactic acid) resins can be spun to fibers by the methods of dry-spun or melt-spun, and obtained P(lactic acid) fibers have high crystallinity and high orientation, biodegradability, and other properties, such as tensile strength, stiffness, elongation, etc., can be matched with PET and nylon. P(lactic acid) fibers have been widely used in the fields of textile, biomedical and commodity, architecture, agriculture and forestry, and so on.