功能离子液体在镧锕系离子萃取分离中的研究进展北大核心CSCD

离子液体因其独特的物化性质已成为溶剂萃取领域中绿色环保、极具应用前景的稀释剂。除了对萃取剂和萃合物有良好溶解性之外,离子液体萃取体系通过离子交换机理的协同作用,往往还展现出更优的萃取性能。而功能离子液体通常是在离子液体结构基础上进行化学修饰,使其兼具离子液体和螯合基团的双重功能,在萃取过程中不仅能用作稀释剂,还具有萃取作用。近十余年来,功能离子液体在放化分离领域已引起广泛关注。本文首先对离子液体和功能离子液体进行了简介,重点讨论其结构上的关联与区别;再以功能为导向,综述了功能离子液体在铀酰离子、钍离子、镧系和次锕系金属离子萃取分离方面的国内外研究现状,并对功能离子液体在镧锕萃取分离领域的未来研究趋势进行了展望。

Progress on Extraction and Separation of Lanthanides and Actinides With Task-Specific Ionic Liquids

Due to their unique chemical and physical properties,ionic liquids are recognized as a class of green and environmentally friendly diluents with great application prospects in the field of solvent extraction.In addition to their good solubility for extractants and extracted species,ionic liquid extraction systems often exhibit satisfactory performance through ion exchange mechanism.Task-specific ionic liquids(TSILs)emerge as a kind of chemically modified ionic liquids,which possess dual functions of ionic liquids and ligands with specific chelating groups.TSILs can not only be used as diluents in the extraction process,but also serve as extractants for separation of metal ions.In the past two decades,TSILs have received extensive attention in the area of nuclear waste treatment.This review first introduces ionic liquids and TSILs focusing on their structural connections and differences.Then,a summary is offered to briefly evaluate the ionic liquids used for the extraction and separation of uranyl ions,thorium ions,lanthanides,and minor actinides,respectively.Finally,this review also provides the outlook of TSILs for lanthanide/actinide separation.