抗生物污损型海水提铀材料研究进展北大核心CSCD

随着“碳达峰”和“碳中和”两大发展目标的提出,核能作为成熟的清洁能源将在我国能源结构中扮演越来越重要的角色。铀作为最重要的核燃料资源,是核电可持续发展的基石。随着陆地铀矿资源的日益匮乏,为保证核燃料的长期充足供应,高效利用海洋铀资源是解决铀供应问题的有效手段之一。然而,海洋中大量的微生物会对提铀材料的结构造成破坏并严重影响材料的吸附性能,海洋生物污损对海水提铀的实施带来了极大的挑战。因此,开发抗生物污损型提铀材料对真实海水提铀的实施至关重要。本文综合总结了近年来各类抗生物污损型提铀材料的研制和发展,以及不同类别的抗生物污损材料的作用机理,并结合发展现状对抗生物污损提铀材料的进一步发展提出了展望。

Research Progress of Anti-Biofouling Materials for Uranium Extraction From Seawater

With the two major development objectives of “emission peak” and “carbon neutrality” proposed, nuclear energy, as a full fledged clean energy, will play an increasingly important role in China’s energy structure. As one of the most important nuclear fuel resource, uranium resources are the cornerstone of the sustainable development of nuclear power. With the increasing scarcity of terrestrial uranium resources, an efficient utilization of marine uranium resources has then become an effective means to ensure a long term and adequate supply of nuclear fuel. However, uranium extraction from seawater faces a huge challenge of severe marine biofouling. A large number of marine microorganisms damage the structure of the uranium extraction material, resulting in a significant reduction in mechanical properties and adsorption properties of the material. Therefore, the development of uranium adsorption materials with anti biofouling activity is the key to extract uranium from seawater under a real marine environment. This paper comprehensively summarizes the research and development of various anti biofouling uranium extraction materials in recent years, as well as the mechanism of different types of anti biofouling materials. Combining the development status quo, the prospects for the further development of anti biological fouling uranium extraction materials are put forward.