低共熔溶剂在天然产物萃取中的应用进展

为了取代传统有毒有害有机溶剂,实现对天然产物的绿色高效萃取,低共熔溶剂(DES)已得到广泛应用和普遍关注。DES是一种新型绿色溶剂,具有易于合成、低毒或无毒及环境友好等优点。通过对近10年各类数据库中相关研究论文的梳理分析,简介了DES的分类、合成及性质,重点阐述低共熔溶剂在萃取天然产物中生物活性物质(如黄酮类化合物、酚类、酚酸、生物碱、多糖、萜类和皂苷类)的应用,尤其是在多糖和黄酮类物质提取工艺中的广泛使用。分析了影响DES萃取效率的主要因素。最后,进一步展望了DES未来的发展趋势和应用前景。

Application Progress of Deep Eutectic Solvent(DES)in Natural Products Extraction

In order to replace the traditional toxic and harmful organic solvents and realize the green and efficient extraction of natural products,deep eutectic solvent(DES)has been widely used and concerned.DES is a new type of green solvents,which has the advantages of easy synthesis,low toxicity or non-toxicity and environmental friendliness.This review aimed to make the researchers engaged in the study of natural products to better understand the advantages of DES and promote the wide application of DES in the field of natural products extraction.The relevant research papers in the database have been collected and analyzed in recent 10 years.The classification,synthesis and properties of DES were introduced,and focuses on the application of extracting biological active compounds(such as flavonoids,phenolic components,phenolic acid,alkaloids,polysaccharides,terpenoids and saponins)from natural products,especially in the extraction process of polysaccharides and flavonoids.The main factors were analyzed influencing extract efficiency of DES.Finally,the development trends and application perspective were forwarded.