海水淡化系统的性能优化与评价准则

可持续发展要求海水淡化系统不仅具有优良的经济性,还要具有优良的环境性能,目前综合考虑这二方面因素的研究还很少。文中从海水淡化系统的综合性能优化和评价出发,建立了统一性能指标(亦称淡水综合成本),该指标由淡水生产的经济成本和环境成本构成,以其为目标函数优化得到的系统具有最佳能源、经济、环境综合性能。淡水的综合成本、经济成本、环境成本还构成了海水淡化系统的多准则性能评价体系,据此可实现对不同海水淡化方法和装置的更全面、合理的评价。基于前面建立的性能准则,以近年来受到较多关注的低温多效蒸发海水淡化系统为例进行了计算、分析和讨论,研究结果验证了准则的合理性和有效性。

Criteria for performance optimization and assessment of seawater desalination systems

Sustainable development requires seawater desalination systems not only economically favorable,but also environmentally friendly.Few studies considered simultaneously both the factors.To help get desalination systems with good energetic,economic and environmental performance,a unified criterion(also called composite cost) was presented,which is composed of economic cost and environmental cost of unit water and suitable to be applied as objective function for system optimization.The composite cost,the economic cost and the environmental cost of water production also constitute a multi-criterion system for the performance evaluation and the comparison of different desalination processes.Taking the low-temperature multi-effect evaporation(LT-MEE) desalination unit as an example,the criteria was used for calculation,analysis and discussion,with the results verifying the reasonability and validity of the unified criterion and the multi-criterion indicators proposed herein.