Large area 15.8% n-type mc-Si screen-printed solar cell with screen printed Al-alloyed emitter

A record efficiency of 15.8% (independently confirmed at Fraunhofer ISE calibration laboratory) is reported on large area (120 cm²) n-type mc-Si rear junction Si solar cell. Minor modifications to the industrial process for p-type, such as optimization of Al-alloyed screen-printed emitter and phosphorus front surface field, led to an improvement in cell properties. Large improvement in short-circuit current of the cell was possible by decreasing the cell thickness to 130 μm.