膜生物反应器中膜污染控制技术的研究进展

膜污染是膜生物反应器(MBR)运行的必然结果,是MBR大面积推广的严重阻碍,因此研究膜污染控制技术具有重要意义。从膜污染发生前的预防和膜污染发生后的清洗2个方面,论述了常见的各种膜污染控制手段,综述了膜污染控制技术的研究现状与进展。其中膜污染的预防手段主要有膜(膜组件)固有性质的改进、操作条件的优化以及混合液性状的调控3类,而膜污染的清洗手段按是否使用药剂可分为物理清洗和化学清洗2类。综合考察MBR运行中的膜污染状况,采用合理的方法对膜污染进行控制,能够有效延长膜的使用寿命,提高MBR的实用性能。

Research progress in control technologies of membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor

As the inevitable result of membrane bioreactor(MBR) operation process,membrane fouling and its consequences in terms of plant maintenance and operating costs greatly limit the widespread application of MBR.Therefore,membrane fouling controlling is of great significance for MBR research and application.The progress of control technologies for membrane fouling was reviewed from the two aspects,i.e.the prevention technologies before membrane fouling and the cleaning technologies after membrane fouling.The prevention technologies can be mainly divided into three categories,namely,the improvement on inherent properties of membrane or membrane module,the optimization of operational parameters and the modification on characteristics of mixed liquor.Based on using or not using the chemical reagents,the cleaning technologies can be divided into two groups,physical cleaning and chemical cleaning.The integrated investigation and proper control technologies for membrane fouling can effectively prolong the service lifetime of membrane and greatly improve the practical ability of MBR.