双磷酸酯表面活性剂的合成与性能

以三氯氧磷、二元醇(酚)、正十二醇为原料,合成了4种双十二烷基双磷酸酯(HDP,DGDP,BDP,PDP)。产物经无水乙醇重结晶提纯后,通过IR、1HNMR、质谱和电位滴定进行了结构表征。25℃时,它们的电离常数分别为:2.76×10-5mol/L(HDP),3.940×10-4mol/L(DGDP),1.595×10-4mol/L(BDP),4.255×10-3mol/L(PDP)。20℃时,它们的临界胶束浓度分别为:3.5×10-4mol/L(HDP),9.0×10-4mol/L(DGDP),1.1×10-3mol/L(BDP),1.3×10-3mol/L(PDP);在临界胶束浓度处的表面张力分别为:30.38 mN/m(HDP),34.49 mN/m(DGDP),35.31 mN/m(BDP),36.14 mN/m(PDP)。差热分析表明,4种产物的分解温度分别为:231℃(BDP),251℃(HDP),227℃(PDP),249℃(DGDP);初熔温度分别为:87℃(BDP),80℃(HDP),97℃(PDP),72℃(DGDP)。

Synthesis and Properties of Bis-phosphate Surfactants

Four novel bis(dodecyl phosphate) compounds,HDP,DGDP,BDP and PDP were synthesized using phosphorus oxychloride,diols(hexane-1,6-diol,diethylene glycol,butane-1,4-diol or hydroquinone) and dodecanol as raw materials,and purified by recrystallization in absolute ethyl alcohol.Their structures were characterized by IR,1HNMR,MS and potentiometric titration.Their ionization constants at 25 ℃ are 2.76×10-5 mol/L(HDP),3.940×10-4 mol/L(DGDP),1.595×10-4 mol/L(BDP),and 4.255×10-3 mol/L(PDP).The critical micelle concentration(CMC) of their aqueous solution at 20 ℃ are 3.5×10-4 mol/L(HDP),9.0×10-4 mol/L(DGDP),1.1×10-3 mol/L(BDP),and 1.3×10-3 mol/L(PDP).Their surface tension at CMC at 20 ℃ are 30.38 mN/m(HDP),34.49 mN/m(DGDP),35.31 mN/m(BDP),and 36.14 mN/m(PDP).DTA results showed that the decomposition temperature of four products are 231 ℃(BDP),251 ℃(HDP),227 ℃(PDP),and 249 ℃(DGDP);and the initial melting temperature are 87 ℃(BDP),80 ℃(HDP),97 ℃(PDP),and 72 ℃(DGDP).