Sublingual midazolam premedication in children: a dose response study

Regarding the development of a centrifugal blood pump to be connected directly with small diameter tubings for pediatric use while minimizing hemolysis, we have studied the inlet port side configurations of a pump using both a hemolysis test and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. We have conducted a hemolysis test on 2 models. The tapered shape inlet has proven to be lower in the index of hemolysis (IH) than the straight shape. CFD analyses utilizing expanded flow paths indicated that the flow velocity decreased as the fluid path became larger within the tapered nozzle. When entering the pump chamber, the flow rushed in at a greater velocity through the straight nozzle due to its small diameter. The straight shape showed an abrupt change in pressure around the entrance of the pump chamber while the tapered shape did not. The flow inlet angle of the straight model was observed to be larger than that of the tapered model because of its smaller turning radius.