Recovery of sterols as fatty acid steryl esters from waste material after purification of tocopherols |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Toshihiro?NagaoEmail author Yoshinori?Hirota Yomi?Watanabe Takashi?Kobayashi Noriaki?Kishimoto Tokio?Fujita Motohiro?Kitano Yuji?Shimada |
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Affiliation: | (1) Yashiro Co. Ltd., 547-0003 Osaka, Japan;(2) Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, 631-8505 Nara, Japan;(3) Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku, 536-8553 Osaka, Japan |
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Abstract: | Tocopherols are purified industrially from soybean oil deodorizer distillate by a process comprising distillation and ethanol
fractionation. The waste material after ethanol fractionation (TC waste) contains 75% sterols, but a purification process
has not yet been developed. We thus attempted to purify sterols by a process including a lipase-catalyzed reaction. Candida rugosa lipase efficiently esterified sterols in TC waste with oleic acid (OA). After studying several factors affecting esterification,
the reaction conditions were determined as follows: ratio of TC waste/OA, 1∶2 (wt/wt); water content, 30%; amount of lipase,
120 U/g-reaction mixture; temperature, 40°C. Under these conditions, the degree of esterification reached 82.7% after 24 h.
FA steryl esters (steryl esters) in the oil layer were purified successfully by short-path distillation (purity, 94.9%; recovery,
73.1%). When sterols in TC waste were esterified with FFA originating from olive, soybean, rapeseed, safflower, sunflower,
and linseed oils, the FA compositions of the steryl esters differed somewhat from those of the original oils: The content
of saturated FA was lower and that of unsaturated FA was higher. The m.p. of the steryl esters synthesized (21.7–36.5°C) were
remarkably low compared with those of the steryl esters purified from high-b.p. soybean oil deodorizer distillate substances
(56.5°C; JAOCS 80, 341–346, 2003). The low-m.p. steryl esters were soluble in rapeseed oil even at a final concentration of 10%. |
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