表面活性素的国内外研究进展

表面活性素（surfactin）是一种主要由芽孢杆菌属次级代谢产生的脂肽型生物表面活性剂，与化学表面活性剂相比，具有抗粘连、抗生物膜剂、抗菌消炎、抗支原体、抗病毒等优势，在生物制药、环境修复、油田开采、化妆品及日用品等领域有广泛的应用前景，但生产表面活性素的生物技术合成和回收成本过高在一定程度上限制了其商业价值。该文针对表面活性素的生物合成，传统和改进的定量分析，传统和新颖的分离纯化以及应用展开了叙述，并对表面活性素未来的发展进行展望。

Research progress of surfactin at home and abroad

Surfactin is a lipopeptide biosurfactant produced mainly by the secondary metabolism of Bacillus sp.Compared with chemical surfactants,surfactin has superior properties,such as anti-adhesive,anti-biofilm agents,anti-bacterial,anti-inflammatory,anti-mycoplasma and anti-virus.Therefore,there are promising application prospects in various fields,such as biopharmaceuticals,environmental restoration,oilfield mining,cosmetics and daily necessities.However,the high cost of biosynthesis and recovery for the production of surfactin limits its commercial value to a certain extent.In this review,the biosynthesis,traditional and improved quantitative analysis,traditional and novel isolation,purification and application were described,and the future development of surfactin was prospected.