自然老化对汽车地毯挥发性有机物的影响

对上汽通用五菱某车型的地毯小总成进行自然老化研究,测试挥发性有机物(VOC)随时间的变化情况。地毯由针刺地毯、聚氨酯发泡海绵、无纺布组成,从生产线上取下后包装严实送达实验室,截取100mm×100mm大小后模拟汽车内环境进行自然老化,采用10 L袋子热脱附法测试一年内挥发性有机物的变化情况。结果表明地毯的苯烯物从生产线取下15d内迅速挥发,之后挥发量大幅下降,达到一个最小值。15d后苯系物降幅达到83%以上,此后挥发量维持在较低的水平。甲醛、丙酮、丙烯醛的挥发量在散发15d后变化不大,而乙醛的挥发量则在第15d后迅速增加,第366d的挥发量达到第一天的51倍。分析认为聚氨酯发泡海绵的发泡原料聚醚多元醇、有机硅匀泡剂和改善泡沫性能的添加剂是导致乙醛挥发的最主要的原因。

Effect of Natural Aging on Volatile Organic Compounds of Automobile Carpet

The natural aging of carpet assembly of a vehicle in SAIC GM Wuling Automobile co.ltd was studied,and the change of volatile organic compounds(VOC)with time was tested.The carpet is made up of needle carpet,polyurethane foam sponge and non-woven cloth.After being removed from the production line,the carpets were packed strictly and delivered to the laboratory.The samples of 100 mm×100 mm were intercepted from carpets to simulate natural aging in car environment.10 L bag thermal desorption method was used to test the changes of volatile organic compounds in one year.The results show that benzenes of carpet volatilized rapidly from the production line within 15 days,and the volatilization decreased significantly,reaching a minimum.After 15 days,the benzene series decrease by more than 83%,and the volatility remain at a low level.The volatilization of formaldehyde,acetone and acrolein does not change much after 15 days,while the volatilization of acetaldehyde increase rapidly after 15 days.The volatilization of acetaldehyde on 366 days reach 51 times of that on the first day.It is considered that foaming agent,polyether polyol,silicone and foam additives are the main reasons leading to volatilization of acetaldehyde.