一种基于无线传感器阵列的到达方向检测方法

以线性等距无线传感器阵列为例,提出一种有效的到达方向检测算法.列堆栈两个平移不变子阵的相关矩阵,给出一种奇异值分解和特征值分解相结合的两步算法,估计传感器阵列的导向矢量矩阵,通过分析导向矢量矩阵的结构化信息,构造估计导向矢量和理想导向矢量的相关函数,进而求解相关函数的驻点,搜索有限个驻点中使相关函数最大的驻点对应的角度估计到达方向,避免了穷尽搜索.仿真结果表明：所提算法在相同信噪比下分辨成功率高于著名的ESPRIT算法、同一分辨成功率下要求的信噪比更低.在信噪比、快拍数、阵元个数变化下对目标定位的均方根误差均优于ESPRIT算法,更接近于理论最优值.

A detection method for direction of arrival based on wireless sensor array

Take linear isometry wireless sensor array as example, an efficient direction of arrival detection algorithm is proposed. The correlation matrices of two shifting invariant sub-array are column stacked, then a twostep algorithm combining singular value decomposition and eigenvalue decomposition is proposed, and steering vector matrix is estimated, by analysis of the structured information of steering vector matrix, correlation function of estimated and ideal steering vector is constructed, then arrest points of correlation function are solved, direction of arrival can be given by searching the limited arrest points which correspond the maximum of the correlation function, which avoid exhaustive search. Simulation results show that the probability of resolution successful rate of proposed algorithm is higher than the ESPRIT in the same SNR, meanwhile it needs lower SNR in the same resolution successful rate. Root mean square error of target localization with the change of signal to noise ratio, snapshots number and array element better than ESPRIT algorithm, and is more closer to theoretical optimal value.