Si、Mg、RE对热浸镀锌铝基合金镀层组织与性能的影响研究进展

热浸镀技术是钢铁材料长效防腐的一种有效方法,因其可以显著提高钢铁材料的耐蚀性能、延长材料的使用寿命而被广泛应用。近年来,随着科技水平的不断提高,传统的热浸镀层已经无法满足市场多样化的需求,多元合金镀层的研究成为热浸镀领域的研究热点。随着研究的不断深入,人们发现在热浸镀过程中添加合金元素能够明显提高热浸镀层的综合性能,但是合金元素的加入是如何影响镀层组织结构及性能是值得探讨的问题。为此,详细介绍了硅、镁、稀土等合金元素的加入对热浸镀层的微观组织、耐蚀性能和耐蚀机理的影响。通过列举国内外的研究实例,进一步分析了合金元素的添加量对热浸镀层性能的影响规律。最后提出,继续研究各种合金元素及其添加量对热浸镀层组织性能的影响规律及机制,并深入探讨添加合金元素之后,合金镀层中金属间化合物层的形成和生长规律,开发性能优异的新型热浸镀层及相应的热浸镀工艺是未来热浸镀技术的主要研究方向。

Effects of Si, Mg and RE on Microstructure and Properties of Hot Dip Galvanized Alloy Coatings

Hot dipping technology is an effective method for long-term corrosion of steel materials, it has been widely used as it can significantly improve corrosion resistance of steel materials and extend service life of the materials. Recently, with the continuous improvement of technological level, traditional hot-dip coating has failed to meet the demands of market diversification, and study on multicomponent alloy coating has become a hotspot in the field of hot dipping. With the constant deepening of study, it was found that overall performance of hot-dip coating could be greatly improved by adding alloy elements in the hot dipping process could significantly improve the comprehensive performance of the hot-dip coating. However, it was worthy to discuss how addition of alloying elements affected coating microstructure and performance. The effects of the addition of several alloying elements including silicon, magnesium and rare earth on the microstructure, corrosion resistance and anticorrosion mechanism of hot-dip coating were introduced in detail. Influence rule of additive amount of alloying elements on properties of hot dip coating was further analyzed by enumerating research examples at home and abroad. Finally, influence rule and mechanism of various alloying elements and additive amount on the microstructure and properties of hot-dip coating were further studied, formation and growth rules of intermetallic compound layer in alloy coating after addition of alloy elements were discussed thoroughly, and developing new high-performance hot-dip coating and corresponding hot-dipping process was proposed to be the main research direction of hot dipping technology in the future.