河流健康评价中赋权方法的研究

河流健康评价体系中指标众多,指标权重的确定是关键步骤之一。针对指标权重计算的问题,首先介绍了层次分析法、熵值法、超标倍数法及主成分分析法四种指标权重赋权方法,再基于离差平方和准则构造最优化组合赋权法,将四种赋权方法结合,并采用指数型隶属函数得到模糊关系矩阵。对比各种方法的评价结果,并应用到某市河流健康评价中,不同赋权方法的计算结果均表明该河流健康状况为良,符合实际情况,表明不同赋权方法均有其合理性,为河流健康评价研究奠定了基础。

Study on Weighting Method in River Health Evaluation

There are many indexes in the river health evaluation system, and the calculation of index weight is one of the key steps in the system. Aiming at the problem of index weight calculation, this paper firstly introduced four kinds of weighting calculation method: analytic hierarchy process method, entropy method, multiple super scale weighting method and principal component analysis method. Then optimal combination weighting method was established based on the criterion of square sums of deviation. Combined four weighting method, the exponential membership function was adopted to get the fuzzy relation matrix. Finally, the proposed method was applied to river health evaluation of a city. It turned out that the river health is good by comparing the results of different weighting methods, which is in line with the actual situation. The result shows that different weighting methods have their own rationality. Thus, it lays the foundations of river health evaluation.