Alternative Water Resources for Rural Residential Development in Western Australia |
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Authors: | Yan Zhang Andrew Grant Ashok Sharma Donghui Chen Liang Chen |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Civil Engineering Monash University, Senior Research Fellow Institute for Sustainable Water Resources, Vic, 3800, Australia |
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Abstract: | Rainwater collected from residential roofs and greywater generated from domestic uses except toilets are viewed as possible
substitutes for high grade water sources which supply nonpotable indoor uses and irrigation in Australia. This paper searches
for alternatives by adopting roofwater and greywater in residential envelope as per Australian water standards. A water balance
model Aquacycle was applied to determine storage capacities and to evaluate the percentage reduction in water supplying, stormwater
run-off and wastewater disposal, as well as volume of rainwater use and greywater reuse. This study provides the results of
greywater recycling, which contributes to the greater saving of mains water supply than rainwater use, and which reduces more
than half of the wastewater to receiving waters in the rural township of Cranbrook, Western Australia. The results of this
study provide greywater usage (maximum reduction 32.5%) more significantly reduces scheme water supply than rainwater harvesting
(maximum reduction 25.1%). Use of greywater on individual residential lots has the dramatic effect for drainage system by
reduction approximately 54.1% or 88.1 m3/lot/year. The results of rainwater use analysis show explicitly that rainwater tanks are much more effective in intercepting
roof runoff, with the maximum stormwater reduction 48.1% or 68.3 m3/lot/year. This research endeavours to offer a typical paradigm for an integrated water system in the rural residential sectors. |
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