轮轨横向滑动稳定性对曲线啸叫噪声的影响

车轮相对于钢轨发生横向滑动时,轮轨接触面上的摩擦力变化会引起曲线啸叫噪声。因此首先建立了车轮的状态空间模型和轮轨接触摩擦模型,对轮轨横向接触过程采用4阶Runge-Kutta法进行了时域分析,研究了如横向滑动速度、接触力、阻尼等因素对滑动过程稳定性的影响,并结合实例计算进行了验证,最终得出结论:轮轨横向滑动过程出现不稳定的主要原因是接触面间摩擦系数变化引起的自激振动;当车轮阻尼大于等效阻尼临界值时会使滑动过程稳定;轮轨间的垂向刚度和阻尼会使系统不稳定频率与车轮模态频率产生偏移。

Influence of wheel/rail lateral sliding stability on curve squeal noise

To study the influence of lateral sliding stability on the wheel/rail curve squeal noise which is caused by the variation of friction force in the contact surface,the wheel’s state-space model and the wheel/rail contact friction model are established.The effects of wheel’s lateral sliding velocity,contact force and damping on the stability of sliding are analyzed in time domain with 4-steps Runge-Kutta algorithm,also the calculation with real example is carried out to verify the theoretical results.It’s shown that the curve squeal noise which results from the self-excited vibration is mainly due to the difference of friction coefficient in the contact surface.If the wheel’s modal damping is larger than the critical value of equivalent damping,the contact system will be stable.The vertical stiffness and damping in wheel-rail contact can make the unstable frequency shift slightly from the natural frequency.