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Aggregation pheromone characterization and comparison inDrosophila ananassae andDrosophila bipectinata
Authors:Angela M Schaner  Kate J Graham  Larry L Jackson
Affiliation:(1) Biochemistry Group Chemistry Department, Montana State University, 59717 Bozeman, Montana
Abstract:(Z)-11-Octadecenyl acetate (Z11–18ratioAc) and (Z)-11-eicosenyl acetate (Z11–20ratioAc) were identified as the aggregation pheromones ofDrosophila ananassae, andZ11–20ratioAc was identified as the aggregation pheromone ofDrosophila bipectinata. Z11–18ratioAc andZ11–20ratioAc were not attractive alone; however, in combination with fermenting food odors, the acetates attracted flies of both sexes in a wind-tunnel olfactometer. The pheromones were present in the ejaculatory bulb of sexually mature male flies and transferred to the female during mating. MaleD. bipectinata released little if anyZ11–20ratioAc to the food; however, recently mated females releasedZ11–20ratioAc to the surrounding surfaces in just a few hours after mating.D. ananassae males, on the other hand, appeared to release moreZ11–18ratioAc andZ11–20ratioAc to the surroundings than mated females. AlthoughD. bipectinata males had noZ11–18ratioAc, flies were as attracted toZ11–18ratioAc as to an equal quantity ofZ11–20ratioAc.D. ananassae were attracted toZ11–18ratioAc but not toZ11–16ratioAc orZ11–20ratioAc. However,Z11–20ratioAc in combination withZ11–18ratioAc was significantly more attractive thanZ11–18ratioAc alone.
Keywords:Drosophila ananassae  Drosophila bipectinata  Diptera  Dro-sophilidae  aggregation pheromone  (Z)-11-octadecenyl acetate  (Z)-11-eicosenyl acetate  cis-vaccenyl acetate
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