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Dielectric relaxation of NdMnO3 nanoparticles
Affiliation:1. Department of Physics, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, India;2. Shantilal Shah Engineering College, Bhavnagar 364 060, India;3. Inter University Accelerator Centre, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India;1. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India;2. Jülich Center for Neutron Sciences 2/Peter Grünberg Institute 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany;3. Materials Science Division, Army Research Office, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA;4. Department of Material Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA;5. National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, Florida State University,1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA;1. Department of Physics, Bose Institute, 93/1 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, India;2. Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741252, India;3. Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India;1. Institute of Metallurgy, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 101 Amundsen str., 620016 Ekaterinburg, Russia;2. Ural Federal University, 19 Mira str., 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia;3. Institute of Electrophysics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 106 Amundsen str., 620016 Ekaterinburg, Russia;1. Catalysis and Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Loyola College, Chennai, 34, India;2. Department of Chemistry, C.T.T.E. College for Women, Chennai, 11, India;3. Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India;4. Materials Division, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT-University, Chennai Campus, Chennai, India;5. Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Bahrain;6. Department of Mathematics and Science, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Abstract:The neodymium manganate (NdMnO3) nanoparticles are synthesized by the sol–gel process. The phase formation and particle size of the sample are determined by X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The band gap of the material is obtained by UV–visible absorption spectroscopy using Tauc relation. Dielectric properties of the sample have been investigated in the frequency range from 42 Hz to 1 MHz and in the temperature range from 303 K to 573 K. The dielectric relaxation peaks are observed in the frequency dependent dielectric loss spectra. The Cole–Cole model is used to explain the dielectric relaxation mechanism of the material. The complex impedance plane plot confirms the existence of both the grain and grain-boundary contribution to the relaxation. The temperature dependence of both grain and grain-boundary resistances follow the Arrhenius law with the activation energy of 0.427 and 0.431 eV respectively. The frequency-dependent conductivity spectra follow the power law.
Keywords:A. Nanostructures  B. Sol–gel chemistry  C. Impedance spectroscopy  D. Dielectric properties
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