镍基分支化ZnOHF表面的制备及油水分离性能

目的 解决目前油水分离材料大多存在的制备工艺复杂、设备昂贵、分离效率低、重复使用性差等问题。方法 采用水热法在镍网表面生长分支化羟基氟化锌(ZnOHF)粗糙结构,随后在表面沉积十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷(ODS)分子,得到超疏水/超亲油镍网。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT–IR)对其表面的微观形貌、组织和表面成分进行表征,利用接触角测量仪表征其静态和动态润湿性能。结果 镍网表面生长的分支化ZnOHF粗糙结构,与低表面能的ODS单分子层协同作用,使该表面对水的接触角高达158°,对油的接触角则为0°,且连续滴加油品时,油会在表面迅速铺展、渗透,并向下滴落。将不同品类的油与水混合,模拟不同情况下的油水分离效果,其分离效率均在95%以上;经过50次重复的油水分离测试后,其油水分离效率仍能保持91%,表现出良好的重复使用性能。结论 实验制备的超疏水/超亲油镍网具有制备方法简单、成本低廉、高效耐用等优点,为含油废水的处理提供了新方法。

Preparation of Nickel-based Branched ZnOHF Surface and Oil-water Separation Properties

With the development of the economy, oil spills and random discharge of industrial oily wastewater occur more and more frequently, which seriously endanger the natural environment and human health. However, the existing treatment methods cannot solve the pollution problem of oily wastewater, so it is necessary to explore convenient, efficient and environmentally friendly treatment methods. In recent years, many researchers paid attentions to the special wettability because of its flexibility and wide application range. In order to solve the problems of complex preparation process, expensive equipment, low separation efficiency and poor reusability of oil-water separation materials, a superhydrophobic/superoleophilic nickel mesh was prepared by hydrothermal method and chemical vapor deposition, to provide a new solution for the treatment of oily wastewater pollution.