无量山乌骨鸡腿肌营养成分分析和评价

通过对无量山乌骨鸡腿肌的营养成分进行测定，对比不同性别无量山乌骨鸡腿肌的营养成分差 异，评价其营养价值。结果表明：无量山乌骨鸡腿肌的粗蛋白含量为（23.02±0.69）%、粗脂肪含量为 （2.00±0.97）%、灰分含量为（1.25±0.06）%、水分含量为（73.63±1.29）%；腿肌冻干粉中17 种氨基酸的总量 达（82.59±4.30）%，鲜味氨基酸总量为（28.78±1.56）%，必需氨基酸含量为（34.08±1.83）%，必需氨基酸/ 总氨基酸的值为（41.26±0.52）%，必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸的值为（70.26±1.52）%，氨基酸组成比例均衡； 腿肌冻干粉中18 种脂肪酸的总量为（33.88±9.41） mg/g，必需脂肪酸含量为（10.21±2.89） mg/g，饱和脂肪酸 含量为（14.13±4.41） mg/g，不饱和脂肪酸含量为（19.75±5.22） mg/g，不饱和脂肪酸占比高于50%；腿肌中 磷元素含量为（721.25±294.75） mg/kg，镁、钙、铁、锌、铜含量分别为（240.03±63.06）、（24.28±5.56）、 （14.94±2.76）、（11.40±1.94）、（1.51±0.85） mg/kg。无量山乌骨鸡腿肌的营养成分具有性别差异性，公鸡 腿肌的水分含量、17 种氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸、必需氨基酸及磷元素含量显著（P＜0.05）或极显著（P＜0.01） 高于母鸡，且公鸡腿肌的氨基酸比值系数分高于母鸡；母鸡腿肌的粗脂肪、灰分、饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸及 锌元素含量显著（P＜0.05）或极显著（P＜0.01）高于公鸡。

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Components of Thigh Muscles of Wuliang Mountain Black-Boned Chicken

The nutrient compositions of thigh muscles of Wuliang Mountain black-boned chickens of both sexes were measured and compared, and their nutritional values were evaluated. The results showed that (1) the crude protein content of thigh muscles of Wuliang Mountain black-boned chicken was (23.02 ± 0.69)%, ash content (1.25 ± 0.06)%, crude fat content (2.00 ± 0.97)%, and moisture content (73.63 ± 1.29)%; (2) the total amount of 17 amino acids in freeze-dried powder of thigh muscles was (82.59 ± 4.30)%, the total amount of umami amino acids (28.78 ± 1.56)%, and the total amount of essential amino acids (34.08 ± 1.83)%, the proportion of essential amino acids in total amino acids (41.26 ± 0.52)%, and the ratio of essential amino acids to non essential amino acids (70.26 ± 1.52)%, suggesting well-balanced amino acid composition; (3) the total amount of 18 fatty acids in the freeze-dried powder was (33.88 ± 9.41) mg/g, essential fatty acids (10.21 ± 2.89) mg/g, saturated fatty acid (14.13 ± 4.41) mg/g, unsaturated fatty acid (19.75 ± 5.22) mg/g, and unsaturated fatty acids constituted over 50% of the total fatty acids; (4) the contents of P, Zn, Mg, Ca, Fe and Cu in fresh chicken thigh muscles were (721.25 ± 294.75), (11.40 ± 1.94), (240.03 ± 63.06), (24.28 ± 5.56), (14.94 ± 2.76), (1.51 ± 0.85) mg/kg, respectively; and (5) differences in the nutrient composition of thigh muscles were observed between the sexes. The water content, the total amount of 17 amino acids, flavor amino acids, essential amino acids and phosphorus in thigh muscles of male chickens were significantly higher (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) than those of female chickens, and an increase was also observed in score of ratio coefficient of amino acid (SRCAA). But the opposite was observed for the contents of crude protein, ash, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and zinc (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).