某水库岸边溢洪道体型优化试验研究

结合某中低水头水库工程的岸边溢洪道,以水流流态衔接、减小消力池规模为控制指标,采用物理模型试验比较了采用"光滑溢洪道+底流消力池"与"前置掺气坎式阶梯溢洪道+底流消力池"两种消能方案的优劣,对不同布置方案在不同运行工况下的水流流态、入池流速与消能率等水力学指标进行详细对比分析。研究成果表明:采用前置掺气坎式阶梯溢洪道后,消力池长度能缩短57.1%,入池流速减小最大达51.18%,综合消能率大于84%。同时,前置掺气坎式阶梯溢洪道使阶梯泄槽内掺气更充分,继而可减小发生空蚀破坏的可能性。研究成果可为类似工程设计提供一定的参考。

Experimental research on shape optimization of shore spillway in a reservoir

This paper takes the shore spillway of a medium and low head reservoir as a case, and the flow state transitions and the size of the stilling basin are set as the design control indicators to compare the merits and demerits of two energy dissipation schemes of smooth spillway + underflow stilling basin scheme and pre-aerator stair spillway + underflow stilling basin scheme with a series of physical model tests. Some hydraulic parameters such as flow regime, inlet flow velocity and energy dissipation rate are analyzed and compared under different operating conditions of the two schemes. The results show that, when adopting the pre-aerator stair spillway, the length of the stilling basin can be shortened by 57.1%, the inlet flow velocity can decrease by a maximum ratio of 51.18%, and the comprehensive dissipation rate is more than 84%. Meanwhile, the pre-aerator stair spillway, more fully aerated, reduces the possibility of cavitation damage.