《长江保护法》的立法选择及其制度设计

长江对我国社会经济的可持续发展、生态健康和安全有着重要意义。由于气候变化以及人类不合理的开发利用,长江流域生态环境问题面临严峻的挑战。为保护母亲河,亟需《长江保护法》来规范流域开发和保护活动,为长江大保护提供法治保障。结合长江实际,分析长江保护面临的现实问题和制度困境,对《长江保护法》的立法基础、立法思路以及制度选择进行了论证,提出了长江保护立法应以习近平总书记关于保障中国水安全和长江经济带发展系列重要讲话为基本遵循,解决长江生态环境突出问题,提高长江大保护法律的针对性和适用性,健全流域管理体制机制,建立严格的法律制度体系,为长江经济带发展保驾护航。

Legislation selection and system design of Changjiang River Protection Law

The Changjiang River plays an important role in the sustainable development of social economy, ecological health and safety in China. However, owing to climate change and unreasonable exploitation and utilization for a long time, the eco-environmental problems in the Changjiang River Basin face severe challenges. In order to protect our mother river, the Changjiang River Protection Law is urgently needed to regulate the development and protection activities of the basin and provide the rule of law guarantee for “the Great Protection of the Changjiang River”. Combining with actual situations, this paper analyzes the practical problems and institutional dilemma in the protection of the Changjiang River and demonstrates the legislative basis, legal thought and system selection of the Changjiang River Protection Law. It is proposed that the legislation should be based on a series of important speeches by President Xi on ensuring China′s water security and the development of the Changjiang River Economic Belt. And it should aim at solving outstanding problems of the ecological environment, improving the legal applicability and pertinence, perfecting the management system and establishing strict legal systems to ensure the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.