引汉济渭受水区用水结构及水资源空间匹配分析

以引汉济渭调水工程受水区——陕西省关中地区为研究区域,引入洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数,对调水前后关中地区的用水结构及水资源的空间匹配情况展开研究。研究结果表明:(1)调水后,水资源量与各要素的基尼系数均有所下降,说明调水工程可以改善水资源与各要素之间的空间匹配程度,促进水资源与人口等要素间的协调发展;(2)工业用水、生活用水以及生态用水的基尼系数均有所下降,农业用水的基尼系数有所上升。由研究结果可以看出,调水工程可以改善工业、生活、生态用水空间分布的均衡性,而使农业用水空间分布更为集中,有利于促进关中地区整体生态文明的建设,推动关中地区的可持续发展,使得农业用水集约化,对优化关中地区的产业格局可以起到一定的促进作用。

Water use structure and spatial matching analysis of water resources in water reception area of Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Water Transfer Project

The paper studies water use structure and spatial matching degree of water resources in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province, the water reception area of Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Water Transfer Project, by Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient before and after the water transfer. The results show that after water transfer, the water resources and the Gini coefficient of four elements, the population, secondary industry output value, arable land and precipitation, all decrease, which indicates that the water transfer project can improve the spatial matching degree of water resources and each element and promote the coordinated development. The Gini coefficients of industrial water, domestic water and ecological water decrease, but the Gini coefficient of agricultural water increases, indicating water transfer project can further balance the spatial distribution of industrial water, domestic water and ecological water use, and make the spatial distribution of agricultural water more concentrated, being conducive to the ecological civilization construction, the sustainable development and the industrial structure optimization of the Guanzhong area.