竖管式蒸馏太阳能苦咸水淡化装置性能研究

针对偏远缺水地区提出一种新型竖管式蒸馏太阳能苦咸水淡化装置,利用嵌套圆管之间小空间形成苦咸水受热蒸发冷凝腔从而生成淡水,该装置具有结构紧凑、节省空间、承压性能好等特点。介绍了竖管式蒸馏太阳能苦咸水淡化装置的结构原理,对装置在不同加热功率下淡水产量及蒸发冷凝温度进行了试验研究,得到了不同运行工况下装置的性能系数,探索了提高装置淡水产量的方法,分别研究了在负压运行工况和套筒外壁面水冷负压运行工况下的装置淡水产量和温度变化。结果表明:装置在输入功率为200 W时,性能系数可以达到0.80;工作压力为75kPa,加热温度为80.00℃时,装置淡水产量为0.259kg/h,比相同加热温度下常压时装置淡水产量提高23.90%;当装置套筒外壁面进行水冷强化,工作压力为75kPa,加热温度为70.00℃时,装置淡水产量为0.690kg/h,是非水冷相同运行工况下装置淡水产量的3.62倍。

Performance research of solar brackish water desalination device using vertical tubus

This paper presents a novel vertical tubular distillation solar brackish water desalination device, with an aim to solve the water shortage of remote area. The device consists of two closely spaced concentric pipes. The outside of the inner pipe is covered with hot brackish water. The water vapor evaporated from the evaporation surface condenses on the inside of the outer pipe then produce fresh water. The inlet brackish water is preheated to enhance the productivity of the device. The device assembles simple, operates simple and good bearing pressure. The operational principle of vertical tubular distillation solar brackish water desalination device is introduced. Experimental study on the productivity, evaporation temperature and condensation temperature of device under different power was carried out. The GOR (Gained Output Ratio) was calculated under different operation conditions. The productivity and temperature were also tested when the device was exposed to negative pressure conditions and negative pressure conditions with water cooling. The experimental results indicate that the GOR of the device under conditions of fixed heating power of 200W can reach 0.80. The yield of the device under negative pressure was enhanced, in general when the operation pressure was 75kPa, operation temperature was 80 _oC, the yield of the device reached about 0.26kg/h, which is 23.9% higher than that of the device at the 100kPa. When the operation temperature of the device was 70 _oC, the operation pressure was 75kPa, the yield of the device with water cooling can reach to 0.69kg/h, which is 3.62 times higher than that of the device without water cooling under the same operation conditions. A further improvement of this device could be expected through optimization of operation parameters.