地震波的散射理论和散射特征及其应用

介绍了散射波的基本理论，包括基本概念、分类和波场；然后针对金属矿给出3种基本类型散射体（阻抗类型、速度类型和密度类型）及其相应的散射特征；最后论述了散射波在金属矿探测及近地表应用方面的进展，如利用散射波研究与矿体有关的非均匀体，研究散射波的强弱与介质非均质性的关系，研究散射波的波组特征，进行散射成像，以及研究界面起伏引起的散射效应等。散射波是一个新的研究领域，目前利用散射波能提取的地质信息还很少，有待于进一步深入研究。

Seismic wave scattering theory, scattering characteristics and its applications

The principal theory of scattering wave including its definitions, classification and scattering wave field was introduced at first. Then three fundamental types of scatter-ers (impedance-type, velocity-type and density-type) and their corresponding scattering characteristics were described for metallic ores. Finally, the applications of scattering wave in exploration of metallic ores and investigation of near surface structure were discussed. Scattering waves can be used to investigate orebody-related heterogeneous bodies (whether the intensity of scattering wave depends on the heterogeneity of the bodies), to study the characteristics of scattering wave groups and scattering responses caused by rugged interfaces, and to image the subsurface. Currently, geology information from scattering wave is relatively rare because scattering wave is a new research field, which needs to be further studied.