程潮铁矿重金属污染及其环境地球化学研究

程潮铁矿在生产过程中产生了大量的废弃物,其中包括各种废水和固体废弃物。这些废弃物的排放引起了重金属元素的释放、迁移,并对水体、土壤、植被等表生环境造成重金属污染。研究表明:此区水体中超过环境标准的元素为Hg、土壤中为Cu,水体中元素含量变化特征与背景值变化特点相似,土壤中元素含量与背景值相差较大;元素的生物吸收系数因植物的不同而不同,根据其对重金属元素的吸收,蕨类和蒿类植物等可作为本区生态复垦的植被,玉米可作为重金属耐性植物加以种植利用;另外,水稻和油菜中重金属含量较高而且对各种元素均有较大吸收系数,存在较大环境风险。

Research on Heavy Metal Pollution and Its Environment Geochemistry in Chenchao Iron Mine

Large amounts of castoffs were produced during mining in Chenchao Iron Mine, Hubei Province, including various kinds of waste water and solid wastes. The discharge of these castoffs may cause the release and migration of heavy metals and pollute the surfacial environments of water bodies, soils and plants. Study indicated that the element which exceeded the environmental criterion of water bodies in this area is Hg and is Cu in the soil, the content variation characteristic of the elements in water bodies is similar to the variation characteristic of background value, but the content of elements in soil is widely discrepant to the background value. The biological absorption coefficients of these elements are different for different plants, according to the absorption of heavy metals in different plants, the fern and sagebrush can be taken as the vegetation of ecological reclamation in this area and the com can be planted as a heavy metal-resistant crop. In addition, rice and rape contain more heavy metals and have larger absorption coefficients to various elements, so more serious environmental risk exists.