我国水污染经济损失估算

利用作者建立的流域水污染经济损失计量模型,以我国水资源十大分区为主要空间单元、1998年为基准年,开展了全国水污染造成的社会经济损失估算研究.结果表明,水污染对我国工业、农业、人体健康和市政工业带来极大的不利影响,1998年水污染造成的经济损失总量高达2475亿元,占全年GDP总量的3.1%.其中对工业经济影响最大,农业次之,再次是人体健康和市政工业,4项损失占总损失量的百分比依次为41.8%、28.9%、26.1%、3.2%.按照损失总量占当地GDP的比例分析,水污染损失严重的地区依次是长江下游(主要是太湖流域)5.0%、海河片4.7%、淮河片4.7%、辽河片4.4%.

Calculation of Economic Loss Caused by Water Pollution in China

A study on calculation of social and economic losses caused by water pollution nationwide was carried out according to the base year of 1998, by creating a model for calculating economic losses caused by water pollution in river basins and regarding ten water resources division areas as major spatial units. The result shows that water pollution brings a lot of negative effects on industry, agriculture, people' health and municipal works. In 1998, water pollution resulted in as high as 247.5 billion Yuan of economic losses that takes 3.1% of the GDP. In which the influence to industry is the highest, then agricultural, people health and municipal works. The percentages of the four items in the total loss are 41.8%, 28.9%, 26.1% and 3.2%. On the basis of analysis of total loss in the local GDP, the most damaged areas caused by water pollution are the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin (mainly Taihu Lake Basin) 5.0%, Haihe River Basin 4.7%, Huaihe River Basin 4.7% and Liaohe River Basin 4.4%.