日粮成分对鸡蛋色度及碳稳定同位素比值的影响

通过测定鸡蛋蛋黄的RCF值，说明人工色素和天然色素都可以改变蛋黄的色度，但是通过稳定同位素比值质谱分析发现，鸡蛋中稳定同位素δ¹³C值仅受日粮中玉米含量的影响，而与加丽素红的添加量无关，据此可以推断蛋黄中色素的来源，从而对蛋鸡生产起到监管作用。本实验选用320只产蛋鸡，分成人工色素组和天然色素组，每组又分成4个实验小组，每个小组做4次重复实验，分别用添加加丽素红的基础日粮和玉米含量不同的基础日粮饲喂63天。采集各组饲料样品，并在实验期的第28天和第56天采集鸡蛋样品，分别测定饲料的稳定同位素δ¹³C值和蛋黄的RCF值及δ¹³C值。结果表明：人工色素组，添加或撤除加丽素红，蛋黄的RCF值有极显著变化（P<0.01），但蛋黄中的δ¹³C值差异不显著（P>0.05）；天然色素组，随着日粮中玉米含量的增加或降低，蛋黄的RCF值及δ¹³C值均有极显著差异（P<0.01），且蛋黄中δ¹³CC值与日粮中玉米含量呈显著正相关（P<0.05），说明蛋黄中δ¹³C值主要受日粮中玉米含量的影响。因此，蛋鸡日粮的主要成分决定了鸡蛋蛋黄中碳稳定同位素的组成。

Influence of Ration Ingredient on Chromaticity and Stable Carbon Isotope Composition in Eggs

The egg chromaticity could be changed by artificial pigment and natural pigment through determining the yolk RCF values, but the stable carbon isotope (δ¹³C) ratios of eggs were influenced by maize content in ration only and had nothing to do with the carophyll red. So, the origin of pigment in egg could be deduced, which could supervise and manage the laying hens production. 320 hens were selected and assigned to 2 groups, one was called artificial pigment group, the other was called natural pigment group. Each group included 4 treatments with 4 replicates, then fed on basic diets added different quantity of carophyll red and basic diets with different contents of maize respectively for 63 days. The feed samples were collected at first, then the egg samples were collected on the 28th day and the 56th day of trial period. Theδ¹³C values of ration, and the RCF values and theδ¹³C values of eggs were determined. The results show that the RCF values of yolks have remarkable changes（P<0.01）with adding or removing carophyll red in artificial pigment group, but theδ¹³C values of yolks have no significant difference (P>0.05). In natural pigment groups, both the RCF values and theδ¹³C values of yolks have remarkable difference (P<0.01) with the increasing or decreasing of maize content in ration. Meanwhile, theδ¹³C values of yolks and the maize content ination are significantly correlated (P<0.05). It states theδ¹³C values in yolks are mainly influenced by maize content of ration. So, theδ¹³C values of yolks are determined by the main ingridients of ration. The study lays a theoretical foundation for the application of stable isotope analysis technique in egg pigment traceability.