ZnO/MoO3/Al(OH)3阻燃聚丙烯材料的制备及性能

采用水热法制备了一维材料ZnO和MoO_3纳米线(nanowires,NWs),并通过SEM和XRD对纳米线的形貌和结构进行了表征。将一维纳米线和纳米氢氧化铝(ATH)与聚丙烯(PP)熔融共混制备了ZnO/MoO_3/Al(OH)_3/PP复合材料(NWs/ATH/PP)。利用TGA、极限氧指数(LOI)测定仪和锥形量热仪(CCT)表征了复合材料的热稳定性和燃烧性能,利用万能材料试验机测试了复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:当添加质量分数3.75%ZnO纳米线、质量分数3.25%MoO_3纳米线和质量分数21.00%纳米ATH时,NWs/ATH/PP复合材料的初始分解温度较纯PP增加了17.8℃,残重率为24.6%,峰值热释放速率(PHRR)和总热释放量(THR)分别下降了54.3%和25.7%,LOI提高7.1%。SEM结果显示:NWs/ATH/PP的残炭表面致密、连续且平整。

Preparation and properties of ZnO/MoO3/Al(OH)3 flame retardant polypropylene

One-dimensional materials of ZnO and MoO3 nanowires (NWs) were prepared via hydrothermal method. The morphology and structure of nanowires were characterized by SEM and XRD. ZnO/MoO3/Al(OH)3/PP composites (NWs/ATH/PP) were prepared by melt blending one-dimensional nanowires and nano-aluminum hydroxide (ATH) with polypropylene (PP). The thermal stability and combustion properties of the composites were characterized by thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI) analyzer and cone calorimeter (CCT). The mechanical properties of the composites were tested by universal testing machine. The results showed that when the adding amounts of ZnO nanowires, MoO3 nanowires and nano-ATH were 3.75%, 3.25% and 21% (mass fraction), respectively, the initial decomposition temperature of NWs/ATH/PP composites was 17.8 °C higher than that of pure PP, and the residual weight is 24.6%. And the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) were decreased by 54.3% and 25.7%, respectively, and the LOI was increased by 7.1%. The results of SEM analysis showed that the surface of carbon residue of NWs/ATH/PP was well improved, dense, continuous and flat.