膨胀型阻燃剂的疏水改性及对水性阻燃涂料性能的影响

为了提高水性阻燃涂层的耐水性,以环氧树脂(EP)作为包覆材料,分别采用单一组分和混合组分改性两种工艺对阻燃剂〔聚磷酸铵(APP)、三聚氰胺(MEL)和季戊四醇(PER)〕进行包覆改性,制备出了改性阻燃剂及水性阻燃涂层。借助FTIR分析阻燃剂表面基团;采用SEM观察其微观结构;测量阻燃剂的接触角,并对其粒度分布进行统计;借助TG对阻燃剂及水性阻燃涂层进行测试;并参考国标GB/T1733—1993对涂层耐水性进行了测试。结果表明:两种工艺制备的阻燃剂其表面均包覆EP,且EP用量为阻燃剂质量的15%时,疏水效果达到最佳;阻燃剂经改性后其溶解度降低,接触角增大,使水性阻燃涂层耐水性显著提高,且阻燃剂采用混合组分改性效率更高;聚磷酸铵与EP发生交联生成不饱和富碳结构,加固残炭碳骨架的稳定性及增加涂层残余物的质量。

Hydrophobic Modification of Intumescent Flame Retardant and Its Effect on Properties of Waterborne Flame Retardant Coatings

In order to improve the hydrophobicity of waterborne flame retardant coatings, epoxy resin (EP) was used as coating material to encapsulate the flame retardants (ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and pentaerythritol) by single component modification and mixed component modification respectively. The surface groups of the flame retardant were analyzed by FTIR and the microstructure was observed by SEM. The contact angle of the flame retardant was measured and the particle size distribution was analyzed. The flame retardant and water-borne flame retardant coatings were tested by TG, respectively. The water resistance of the coatings was tested by the national standards GB/T 1733-93. The results show that: the flame retardants prepared by the two processes are coated with EP, and the optimum content of EP is 15wt%; with the decrease of the solubility of the flame retardants, the contact angle increases, and the water resistance of the waterborne flame retardant coatings is significantly improved; in addition, the flame retardant is more efficient by mixing components; The crosslinking of ammonium polyphosphate and EP results in unsaturated carbon-rich structure, which strengthens the stability of carbon skeleton and increases the quality of coating residues.