手持式X射线荧光光谱仪用于现场合金牌号鉴别的误差控制探讨

手持式X射线荧光光谱仪可用于金属加工、使用、回收等各领域材料牌号鉴别,因此成为现场材料管理的有效手段。但当对材料中Mn、Ti、V等合金成分不大于0.5%的牌号鉴别时,却得不到准确的牌号信息,给现场检测人员带来了极大的困扰。为控制现场鉴别误差,实验将手持式X射线荧光光谱仪鉴别条件优化为电压25kV,检测时间25s,样品检测面积20mm×20mm,表面粗糙度Ra6.3,5m内无强磁干扰的实验条件;对6组含Cr、Ni、Mo、Mn、Ti、V的合金样品进行检测和记录,发现Mn、Ti、V检测结果与标准规定值之间存在较大偏差,而Cr、Ni、Mo结果在标准范围内,数据稳定;因此实验选取Cr、Ni、Mo为指标元素,将指标元素检测结果作为牌号鉴别依据,确定牌号正确与否。对两节未知牌号的合金钢管,采用手持式XRF进行牌号鉴别,同时与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)的Cr、Ni、Mo测定值进行对照,现场检测结果与ICP-AES的结果吻合较好,完全能满足合金牌号鉴别的需要。

Discussion on error control during the on-site identification of alloy grades by handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometer

The handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometer can be used for the designation identification of materials in many fields such as metal processing, use and recovery, and it has become the effective approach for on-site material management. However, when the alloying components in material such as Mn, Ti and V is less than 0.5%, the designation information obtained will be not accurate, which brings great hardship to the field inspectors. In order to control the on-site identification error, the identification conditions by handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometer were optimized: the voltage was 25kV; the testing time was 25s; the sample testing area was 20mm×20mm; the surface roughness was Ra6.3; there was no strong magnetic interference within 5m in experiments. Six groups of alloy samples containing Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti and V were tested and recorded. It was found that the testing results of Mn, Ti and V had great deviation with standard authorized value, while the testing results of Cr, Ni and Mo were stable within standard range. Therefore, Cr, Ni and Mo were selected as the indicator elements and basis for designation identification to check whether the designation was correct or not. Two segments of alloy steel tube with unknown designation were identified with handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The measurements results of Cr, Ni and Mo were compared to those obtained by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The on-site testing results of these three elements were consistent with ICP-AES method, which could fully meet the requirements of designation identification for alloys.