Sex pheromone of the mullein bug,Campylomma verbasci (Meyer) (Heteroptera: Miridae) |
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| Authors: | Robert F. Smith Harold D. Pierce Jr. John H. Borden |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Pest Management, USA;(2) Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, V5A 1S6 Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada;(3) Present address: Agriculture Canada Research Station, B4N 1J5 Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada |
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| Abstract: | The first known sex pheromone for the family Miridae is reported for the mullein bug,Campylomma verbasci (Meyer) (Heteroptera: Miridae). Extracts of and Porapak Q-trapped volatiles from females were attractive to males in field bioassays. Butyl butyrate and hexyl butyrate were the predominant compounds in the females' volatiles, but these compounds previously had been found to be inactive when released alone or in combination. Butyl butyrate in combination with an isolated trace chemical, (E)-crotyl butyrate (which was inactive alone), rivaled the attraction elicited by five live females. When synthetic butyl butyrate and (E)-crotyl butyrate in a 16: 1 ratio were released at 91 or 183  g/day, they comprised an effective attractant for male bugs. |
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| Keywords: | Campylomma verbasci mullein bug Heteroptera Miridae sex pheromone apple pest butyl butyrate (E)-crotyl butyrate hexyl butyrate |
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