光热与光伏发电综合对比

光伏发电和光热发电是太阳能发电的2种典型形式。光伏开发成本相对较低，但为保证系统安全稳定运行，须配置一定比例储能和分布式调相机，造成发电成本提升，而光热自带储热和出力友好性，因此目前对于光伏与光热的发展技术路线仍存在较大争议。文中以青海海西地区为例，基于同一时空太阳能辐照资源和出力特性，比较光伏+储能与光热的电力保障能力；然后从电网安全稳定支撑能力角度对光伏+储能+调相机与光热进行比较；最后基于光热和光伏成本下降趋势预测进行二者的经济性对比。研究结果表明，若将光热和光伏放到技术对等层面，则光热由于同时具备储热和常规发电机功能，能够为系统提供短路容量、无功补偿和转动惯量支撑，在成本下降后经济性与光伏+储能+调相机基本相当，甚至更优。

Comprehensive comparative of solar thermal and photovoltaic power generation

Photovoltaic power and photothermal power are two types of solar power generation technologies. The cost of photovoltaic development is relatively low. However, in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, a certain proportion of energy storage and distributed condensers need to be configured, resulting in higher power generation costs. Photothermal power has its own heat storage and output friendliness. At present, the debate on the path of photovoltaic and photothermal development has not been settled. This paper takes the Haixi region of Qinghai Province as an example. First, based on the solar radiation resources and output characteristics of the same time and space, we compare the power security capabilities of PV+energy storage and photothermal, then compare the two technical routes of PV+energy storage+condenser and photothermal from the perspective of the security and stability support capability of the power grid, and finally, we conduct economic comparative analysis based on the prediction of the decline trend of solar thermal and photovoltaic costs. The research results show that if we put photothermal and photovoltaic on the technical equivalent level, photothermal can provide the system with short circuit capacity and moment of inertia because it has both thermal storage and conventional generator functions. After the cost is reduced, the economy is basically equivalent to photovoltaic+energy storage+condenser, even better.