基于降维机理模型的储能电池安全充电在线控制技术

大倍率充电会引起储能电池负极析锂，进一步可能会诱发电池热失控并导致安全事故。而析锂副反应与电池负极电位直接相关，通过模型精确预测负极电位，传输至储能电池管理系统调整充电工况，可以有效抑制负极析锂。因此，本文提出一种基于降维机理SP2D(simplified pseudo two-dimensional, SP2D)模型的储能电池安全充电在线控制技术。首先，对P2D(pseudo two dimensional, P2D)模型中部分偏微分方程进行降维简化，建立SP2D模型。同时采用拆解测量、实验标定、算法拟合和文献参考等方法获取相应的模型参数。其次，使用不同倍率的端电压和负极电位实验数据对模型进行验证，验证结果表明模型在不同倍率恒流工况下精度较高。之后，基于SP2D模型结合比例控制器开展了电池无析锂安全充电的仿真工作，结果表明，电池经过1895s充电即达到截止电压4.3 V，且充电过程中负极电位均处于无析锂安全电位区间。最后，对仿真得到充电策略进行循环验证，结果表明提出的充电方法能够实现电池无析锂安全充电。

On-line control technology for safe charging of energy storage batteries based on dimensionality reduction mechanism model

High-rate charging will cause lithium deposition in the negative electrode of the energy storage battery, which may further induce thermal runaway of the battery and lead to safety accidents. The side reaction of lithium precipitation is directly related to the negative electrode potential of the battery. The negative electrode potential is accurately predicted by the model and transmitted to the energy storage battery management system to adjust the charging condition, which can effectively suppress the negative electrode lithium precipitation. Therefore, this paper proposes an on-line control technology for safe charging of energy storage batteries based on the dimensionality reduction mechanism SP2D (simplified pseudo two-dimensional, SP2D) model. Firstly, the dimension reduction and simplification of some partial differential equations in the P2D (pseudo two dimensional, P2D) model are carried out, and the SP2D model is established. At the same time, the corresponding model parameters were obtained by dismantling measurement, experimental calibration, algorithm fitting and literature reference. Secondly, the model is verified using the experimental data of terminal voltage and negative potential at different magnifications. The verification results show that the model has high accuracy under constant current conditions of different magnifications. After that, based on the SP2D model combined with the proportional controller, the simulation of the safe charging of the battery without lithium precipitation was carried out. The results showed that the battery reached the cut-off voltage of 4.3 V after 1895s of charging, and the negative electrode potential was in the safe potential range without lithium precipitation during the charging process. Finally, the charging strategy obtained by the simulation is verified by cycle, and the results show that the proposed charging method can realize the safe charging of the battery without lithium precipitation.