| Abstract: | This paper proposes using Bergeron's equivalent circuit with traveling time equal to the simulation time step as an element for frequency‐dependent modeling of transmission lines for electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulations of power systems. According to the simulation time step used, a transmission line is divided into aforementioned Bergeron's equivalents, each of which is called a ‘Bergeron cell’ in this paper. In this way, the traveling‐wave nature of a line is represented by the cascaded Bergeron cells. Then, the frequency‐dependent loss nature of the line is represented by a matrix partial fraction expansion, and this is inserted at each connection point of the Bergeron cells in the form of a multiphase Norton equivalent. Since the frequency‐dependent loss is modeled in the dimension of impedance, the change of the line length is easily taken into account by a simple multiplication. This methodology thus allows variable‐length modeling and completely avoids modal decomposition in both model identification and EMT simulation stages. The proposed methodology is applied to the frequency‐dependent modeling of overhead and submarine‐cable transmission lines, and its accuracy is assessed. |
