基于有限元分析的光纤复合低压电缆热场仿真和结构优化

光纤复合低压电缆（OPLC）是由绝缘导体和光单元组成的复合电缆，可以实现低压电力和光通信双重传输。依据OPLC的运行原理，分析其运行过程中的电热关系，对OPLC内光纤温度与光纤传输损耗关系进行研究分析，说明了光纤温度变化对其传输损耗的表征作用。针对OPLC工作时电热效应导致光纤温度升高问题，从调整OPLC结构的角度提出优化模型，依次改变光单元位置 、耐热层材料、耐热层厚度，采用具有微管结构的光单元。利用COMSOL Multiphysics多物理场耦合仿真软件进行仿真，分别计算了OPLC在额定工作状态下原始结构与优化后结构的温度分布。采用优化结构后光纤温度由86.8 ℃降低至77.25 ℃，表明本文提出的OPLC优化结构可以有效降低电热效应对光纤的影响。

Thermal Field Simulation and Structure Optimization of Optical Fiber Composite Low Voltage Cable Based on Finite Element Analysis

Optic fiber composite low voltage cable（OPLC） is a composite cable composed of insulated conductors and optical unit， realizing the dual transmission of low voltage power and optical communication. According to the operation principle of the OPLC， this paper analyzes the electrothermal relationship during its operation. The relationship between optical fiber temperature and optical fiber transmission loss in the OPLC is studied and analyzed， and the characterization effect of optical fiber temperature change on its transmission loss is expounded. Aiming at the problem of the optical fiber temperature rising caused by the electro-thermal effect during the OPLC operation， an optimization model is proposed from the perspective of the structure adjustment of the OPLC. The position of optical unit， heat-resistant layer material， heat-resistant layer thickness and optical unit with microtubules structure is changed in succession. Using COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software to simulate the OPLC， the temperature distribution of the original structure and the optimized structure is calculated respectively under rated working condition. The results show that the fiber temperature decreases from 86.8 ℃ to 77.25 ℃ with the optimized structure of the OPLC， it can effectively reduce the influence of the electro-thermal effect on the optical fiber.