低压电力线载波通信的信道特性分析与抗干扰措施

对低压电力线的信道特性进行了定性分析,研究了其阻抗、信号衰减和噪声干扰3个方面的特性。结合我国电网特点和对居民小区及金工实习厂电力线路的实地测量,分析了低压电力线网络的噪声来源及相应的噪声特性。针对低压电力线上的信号衰减和干扰特性具有复杂、随机性、时变性大,难以用较准确的解析式或数学模型加以描述的特点,提出了几种改善通信质量的抗干扰措施:数据分组重组、加装阻波器、多径接收技术、扩频通信技术以及采用规范化的通信协议等,并将其应用在工程实验中,实践证明所用措施可行有效。

Channel characteristics analysis and anti-jamming measures of low-voltage power line carrier communication

The channel characteristics of LV(Low-Voltage) power line are analyzed qualitatively,including impedance,signal attenuation and noise interference.Combined with the power network characteristics and measurements of power lines in resident zone and metalworking factory,the noise sources and corresponding noise characteristics are researched.Because of the complexity,randomicity and time-varying property of signal attenuation and interaction characteristics on LV power line,it is difficult to describe it using analytical formula and mathematical model.Several anti-jamming measures are presented to improve the communication quality:data grouping-rearrangement,additional trapper,multi-path signal reception techniques,spread-spectrum communication techniques and normative com-munication protocol,which are verified practical and effective in applications.