猪腰豆幼苗中乙酰胆碱酯酶和酯酶活性及其对农药的敏感性

选取猪腰豆为研究对象，测定不同时期、不同部位猪腰豆幼苗中乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)和酯酶活性，选取活性最高的部位提取酶，分别检测其对有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药的灵敏性，确定最低检测限。结果表明：AChE在6d子叶中比活力最高为0.969U/mg；酯酶活力在2d幼芽中最高为1.9433U/mL；AChE对农药反应的灵敏性高于酯酶，对敌敌畏、氧化乐果、灭多威的最低检测限分别为0.025、0.07、0.07mg/kg，低于国家规定的允许残留限量，可以满足农药残留快速检测的要求。

Acetylcholinesterase and Esterase Activities in Kidney Bean Seedlings and Their Sensitivity to Pesticides

In this paper, the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and esterase in kidney bean seedlings and their sensitivity to pesticides were analyzed. Results indicated that the activities of AChE and esterase were varied during different germination and growth periods of kidney bean seedlings. The specific activity of AChE was the highest after 6 days of germination, which was up to 0.969 U/mL, and the esterase activity reached up to 1.9433 U/mL after 2 days of germination. The AChE from 6-day-old kidney bean seedlings was more sensitive to pesticides than the esterase from 2-day-old kidney bean seedlings, and the detection limits for dichlorvos, oxidized dimethoate and methomyl were 0.025, 0.07 mg/kg and 0.07 mg/kg, respectively, which were all below the maximum allowable residue limits. Therefore, AChE derived from kidney bean seedlings can meet the requirements for rapid detection of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticide residues.