基于GNSS的无源雷达海面目标检测技术综述

与常规雷达相比，无源雷达由于不需要特定的发射站，具有成本低、抗干扰能力强等优势。用于构成无源雷达的机会照射源种类多种多样，其中，全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS)由于其全球覆盖的特性，且具有较大的信号带宽，将其作为机会照射源构成无源雷达在海面目标检测方面有着显著的优势。本文首先建立了GNSS照射下的海面目标回波模型，并分析了基于GNSS的无源雷达海面目标检测的难点；接着介绍了现有基于GNSS的无源雷达海面目标检测方法，并分析了各个方法的优缺点；最后，对基于GNSS的无源雷达海面目标检测的研究前景和发展趋势进行了展望。

Overview of Maritime Target Detection Techniques Using GNSS- Based Passive Radar

Compared with the conventional radar system, the absence of dedicated transmitter makes passive radar have the advantages of low cost and strong anti- jamming capability.A large number of sources have been considered as the opportunistic illuminators for passive radar. As one of the most promising alternative, global navigation satellite system(GNSS) has a significant advantage in maritime target detection, due to its global scale coverage and relatively large bandwidth. This paper first deduces the echo model of maritime target illuminated by GNSS, and analyzes the difficulties in maritime target detection. Then, the current GNSS- based passive radar maritime target detection methods are introduced. Advantages and disadvantages of these methods are analyzed in detail. Finally, the prospects of research and development in maritime target detection using GNSS- based passive radar are considered.