架空线路复合绝缘子现场红外测试研究现状评述

酥朽断串已成为威胁复合绝缘子运行的重要问题,红外测温是发现芯棒早期酥朽缺陷的重要手段,但由于缺陷复合绝缘子发热特征不清晰、红外测试影响因素较多,限制了现场复合绝缘子红外测试效果。通过梳理复合绝缘子芯棒缺陷类型、发热机理、红外特征,并总结复合绝缘子现场红外测试影响因素,比较了现场不同测试方法的优缺点。结果表明,单一芯棒—护套粘接不良绝缘子温升数值较低,而芯棒酥化和芯棒碳化缺陷可产生数十摄氏度的温升;现场红外测试影响因素有测试角度、湿度、测试距离、伞裙对芯棒的遮挡、图像清晰度等;从测试效率、避开伞裙遮挡考虑推荐采用无人机测试方法,对于现场V型串塔身内侧绝缘子,需寻找更优的测试位置以避免伞裙遮挡。

Research Status of Overhead Line Composite Insulator Field Infrared Test

Decay-like fracture has become an important issue that threatens the operation of composite insulators. Infrared test could discovery early decay defect. However, the field Infrared test effect of composite insulator is limited owning to the unclear temperature field characteristics and various influencing factors. In this article, the defect type, heating mechanism and Infrared characteristics of composite insulator rod are analyzed, and the influencing factors of field composite insulator infrared test are summarized. And then the advantages and disadvantages of different field test method are compared. It is indicated that the temperature rise could be little or even not exist when the rod defect of composite insulator is with single poor adhesion. The composite insulator rod with decay or carbonization could generate a temperature rise of tens of degrees. The factors that affect the field infrared test are the test angle, field humidity, test distance, blocking from shed, image resolution. From the perspective of test efficiency and avoiding occlusion performance, drones is recommended for field composite insulator infrared testing. For on-site V string composite insulators, a better test position still needs to be found to obtain unobstructed infrared images.