基于生命周期理论的鄂尔多斯市水资源耗能计算

为定量计算水资源对于能源的需求,寻找提高水资源的能源利用效率的有效途径,基于生命周期理论将水资源全生命周期划分为提取、净化、输送、利用和污水处理五个环节,提出每个环节水资源耗能的定量计算公式,分析水资源生命周期各个环节的耗能数量及特征。分析鄂尔多斯市2013～2017年的水资源耗能特征及历史变化趋势,发现鄂尔多斯市2013～2017年的水资源耗能量从1.62×10~8kW·h逐年降低至1.08×10~8kW·h,降幅为33.3%;单位水资源耗能量从10.11kW·h/m~3逐年降低至7.02kW·h/m~3,降幅为30.6%;水资源全生命周期的能耗集中于用水环节,用水环节能耗在总能耗中的占比常年保持在95%左右;用水环节的火力发电用水是最大的能耗项目,具有最大的节能潜力。

Energy Consumption Calculation of Water Resources of Ordos City Based on Life Cycle Theory

In order to calculate the energy demand of water resources accurately and find an effective way to improve the energy utilization efficiency of water resources, the whole life cycle of water resources was divided into five links based on the life cycle theory, namely: extraction, purification, transportation, utilization and sewage treatment. The quantitative calculation formula of energy consumption in each link was given, and the quantity and characteristics of energy consumption in each link of life cycle of water resources were studied. Taking Ordos City as an example, the energy consumption of water resources from 2013 to 2017 and its variation law were analyzed. The results show as follows. From 2013 to 2017, the energy consumption of water resources in Ordos City decreased from 1.62×108kW·h to 1.08×108kW·h, and the energy consumption per unit of water resources decreased from 10.11 kW·h/m3 to 7.02 kW·h/m3; The energy consumption in the whole life cycle of water resources concentrates on the link of utilization, and the proportion of the energy consumption in the water use sector in the whole life cycle of water resources remains about 95% every year; The process of using water for thermal power generation is the largest energy consumption item, and it has the greatest energy saving potential.