臭黄荆叶理化组成及挥发油成分分析

为探明臭黄荆叶主要理化组成及挥发油成分，采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取臭黄荆叶挥发油，应用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)对挥发油进行分离分析，鉴定出具体化合物的组分和含量。结果表明：臭黄荆鲜叶中水分含量(质量分数，下同)为79.06%；臭黄荆叶粗粉中灰分含量为7.37%，果胶含量为35.57%，蛋白质含量为18.70%，粗脂肪含量为4.27%，粗纤维含量为6.87%，总黄酮含量73.43mg/g，总多酚含量为29.44mg/g；挥发油中鉴定出68种化合物，约占挥发油总量的96.34%，包括醇14种(24.5%)、烯14种(18.85%)、酮8种(8.81%)、酯6种(7.95%)、醛8种(6.41%)、呋喃2种(3.95%)、烷3种(1.93%)、石竹烯氧化物(9.71%)、1,1,5,6-四甲基-茚(3.06%)、长叶松萜烯-(V4)(1.25%)等；臭黄荆叶挥发油中含量较高的成分主要有1-辛烯-3-醇(11.45%)、石竹烯氧化物(9.71%)、α-石竹烯(5.82%)、反式-β-紫罗(兰)酮(3.43%)。臭黄荆叶中含有多种具有食用或药用价值的活性成分。

Proximate Chemical Composition and Volatile Oil Composition of Premna Leaves

In this study, the proximate chemical composition of premna leaves was found be made up of pectin 35.57%, protein 18.70%, crude fat 4.27%, coarse fiber 6.87%, total flavonoids 73.43 mg/1 g, and total polyphenols 29.44 mg/1 g. Further, the chemical composition of volatile oil extracted from the leaves of plant by steam distillation extraction was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 68 compounds were identified in the oil, including 14 alcohols (24.5%), 14 alkenes (18.85%), 8 ketones (8.81%), 6 esters (7.95%), 8 aldehydes (6.41%), 2 furans (3.95%), 3 alkyls (1.93%), caryophyllene oxide (9.71%), 1,1,5,6-tetramethyl-indene (3.06%), longleaf pine terpenes-(V4) (1.25%) and so on, of which, 1-octene-3-alcohol (11.45%), caryophyllene oxide (9.71%), alpha-caryophyllene (5.82%) and trans-beta-ionone (3.43%) were the dominant components.