老旧小区公共空间设施适老化评价研究

目的 为强化老旧小区公共空间设施适老化需求要素与产品设计之间的联系，优化老年人的使用体验，提出一种基于KJ法、AHP-熵权法和SD法的综合评价体系。方法 首先，运用KJ法收集、整合、筛选老旧小区公共空间设施产品的适老化需求要素；其次，运用层次分析法构建评价指标体系，通过AHP-熵权法计算各需求指标的综合权重并进行优先级排序，针对徐州市某老旧小区的公共空间设施产品，运用SD法进行适老化满意度评价；最后，结合指标权重与满意度评价结果得出该小区公共空间设施适老化评价得分。结果通过实际案例验证了评价体系的科学性和实用性，根据综合评价结果提出公共空间设施产品适老化设计优化方向。结论 评价模型结合了老年群体的实际需求和行业专家的专业判断，为老旧小区公共空间设施产品适老化设计优化提供了理论依据和量化指标，对提升老年群体的使用满意度具有重要作用。

Evaluation of Elderly-oriented Public Space Facilities in Old Neighborhoods

The work aims to propose a comprehensive evaluation system based on KJ method, AHP-entropy weight method and SD method to strengthen the connection between the elderly-oriented demand elements of public space facilities in old neighborhoods and the product design and optimize the experience of the elderly in using such facilities. Firstly, the KJ method was used to collect, integrate and screen the elderly-oriented demand elements of public space facilities in old neighborhoods. Secondly, the evaluation index system was constructed by the AHP method, and the comprehensive weights of each demand index were calculated and prioritized by the AHP-entropy weight method. The SD method was applied to evaluate the satisfaction to elderly-oriented public space facilities in an old neighborhood in Xuzhou. Finally, the elderly-oriented evaluation score of the public space facilities in the neighborhood was derived according to the index weights and satisfaction evaluation results. The scientificity and practicality of the evaluation system were verified through actual cases, and the direction of optimizing the elderly-oriented design of public space facilities was proposed based on the comprehensive evaluation results. The evaluation model combines the actual demands of the elderly groups and the professional judgment of industry experts, providing a theoretical basis and quantitative indicators for optimizing the elderly-oriented design of public space facilities in old neighborhoods, which is important for improving the satisfaction of the elderly groups in using public space facilities.