Synthesis of two novel acenaphthyl-quinoxaline based low-band gap polymers and its electrochromic properties

Dispersion stability and electrokinetic properties of TiO₂ nanoparticles, dispersed in aqueous solution of polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAAm.HCl) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blends was examined. The electrophoresis method was employed to study electrokinetic properties of nanodispersion by varying pH and temperature with an emphasis on dispersion stability. The measurements were performed over a wide range of pH from 2–12 and temperature from 25–65 °C and the isoelectric points (IEPs) of nanodispersions were determined. The concentration of TiO₂ was varied from 2–12 wt%. The dispersions were found to be quite stable (no sedimentation) over a period of two months. The zeta potential of nanodispersions decreases as the pH increases. When temperature increases, a more distinct decrease in the zeta potential was observed. Such behavior may be due to the changes occurring in the linear dimension of adsorbing macromolecules with increasing temperature. As temperatures increases, the adsorption of polymers causes a decrease in the diffuse layer charge, which leads to a decrease in zeta potential. Also, the increase in ionic strength leads to a compression of the diffuse layer and reduction in the zeta potential. The conductivity of nanodispersions increases for all pH and temperatures studied.